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Contact fatigue life prediction of a bevel gear under spectrum loading

Pan JIA, Huaiju LIU, Caichao ZHU, Wei WU, Guocheng LU

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第15卷 第1期   页码 123-132 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0556-8

摘要: Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) issues, such as pitting, might occur on bevel gears because load fluctuation induces considerable subsurface stress amplitudes. Such issues can dramatically affect the service life of associated machines. An accurate geometry model of a hypoid gear utilized in the main reducer of a heavy-duty vehicle is developed in this study with the commercial gear design software MASTA. Multiaxial stress–strain states are simulated with the finite element method, and the RCF life is predicted using the Brown–Miller–Morrow fatigue criterion. The patterns of fatigue life on the tooth surface are simulated under various loading levels, and the RCF curve is numerically generated. Moreover, a typical torque–time history on the driven axle is described, followed by the construction of program load spectrum with the rain flow method and the Goodman mean stress equation. The effects of various fatigue damage accumulation rules on fatigue life are compared and discussed in detail. Predicted results reveal that the Miner linear rule provides the most optimistic result among the three selected rules, and the Manson bilinear rule produces the most conservative result.

关键词: bevel gear     rolling contact fatigue (RCF)     multiaxial fatigue criterion     load spectrum     damage accumulation rule    

Review of the damage mechanism in wind turbine gearbox bearings under rolling contact fatigue

Yun-Shuai SU, Shu-Rong YU, Shu-Xin LI, Yan-Ni HE

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第14卷 第4期   页码 434-441 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0474-1

摘要: Wind turbine gearbox bearings fail with the service life is much shorter than the designed life. Gearbox bearings are subjected to rolling contact fatigue (RCF) and they are observed to fail due to axial cracking, surface flaking, and the formation of white etching areas (WEAs). The current study reviewed these three typical failure modes. The underlying dominant mechanisms were discussed with emphasis on the formation mechanism of WEAs. Although numerous studies have been carried out, the formation of WEAs remains unclear. The prevailing mechanism of the rubbing of crack faces that generates WEAs was questioned by the authors. WEAs were compared with adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) generated in the high strain rate deformation in terms of microstructural compositions, grain refinement, and formation mechanism. Results indicate that a number of similarities exist between them. However, substantial evidence is required to verify whether or not WEAs and ASBs are the same matters.

关键词: rolling contact fatigue (RCF)     white etching area (WEA)     white etching crack (WEC)     adiabatic shear band (ASB)    

非连续接触下滚圈的接触压力及疲劳寿命预测

时彧,肖友刚,雷先明

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第7期   页码 54-57

摘要:

建立了非连续接触下筒体-滚圈接触压力的计算模型,得出了滚圈弯矩及弯曲应力计算公式。应用名义应力法和局部应力应变法,建立了滚圈疲劳寿命预测模型。通过实例分析,得出了如下结论:通过调窑,将滚圈的最大支承载荷控制在2500kN以内,能显著提高滚圈的疲劳寿命;在传统设计中,将滚圈支承角定为30°不合理;存在一个最佳滚圈支承角,此时滚圈疲劳寿命最大。

关键词: 滚圈     接触压力     支承角     疲劳寿命    

Durability of plasma-sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings under rolling contact conditions

Xiancheng ZHANG, Fuzhen XUAN, Shantung TU, Binshi XU, Yixiong WU

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第6卷 第1期   页码 118-135 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0127-0

摘要:

The aim of this paper was to address the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) failure mechanisms of plasma-sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings under different tribological conditions of contact stress. Weibull distribution plots of fatigue lives of the coated specimens at different contact stresses were obtained. The failure modes of coatings were identified on the basis of wore surface observations of the failed coatings. Results showed that the RCF failure modes can be classified into four main categories, i.e., surface abrasion, spalling, cohesive delamination, and interfacial delamination. The probabilities of the surface abrasion and spalling type failures were relatively high at low contact stress. When the coatings were subjected to abrasion and spalling type failures, the failure of the coating was depended on the microstrcture of the coating. The stress concentration near the micro-defects in the coating may be the may reason for the formation of spall. The coatings were prone to fail in delamination under higher contact stresses. However, the delamination of coating may be related to distribution of shear stress amplitude within coating. The location of maximum shear stress amplitude can be used as a key parameter to predict the initiation of subsurface cracks within coating in rolling contact.

关键词: rolling contact fatigue     coating     Weibull distribution     failure mode     mechanism    

Accumulated damage process of thermal sprayed coating under rolling contact by acoustic emission technique

Jia XU,Zhen-yu ZHOU,Zhong-yu PIAO

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第11卷 第3期   页码 227-232 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0395-9

摘要:

The accumulated damage process of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of plasma-sprayed coatings was investigated. The influences of surface roughness, loading condition, and stress cycle frequency on the accumulated damage status of the coatings were discussed. A ball-on-disc machine was employed to conduct RCF experiments. Acoustic emission (AE) technique was introduced to monitor the RCF process of the coatings. AE signal characteristics were investigated to reveal the accumulated damage process. Result showed that the polished coating would resist the asperity contact and remit accumulated damage. The RCF lifetime would then extend. Heavy load would aggravate the accumulated damage status and induce surface fracture. Wear became the main failure mode that reduced the RCF lifetime. Frequent stress cycle would aggravate the accumulated damage status and induce interface fracture. Fatigue then became the main failure mode that also reduced the RCF lifetime.

关键词: accumulated damage     spray coating     rolling contact fatigue     acoustic emission    

新型热轧低碳TRIP 钢的轧制工艺与疲劳性能

刘自权,谭小东,杨小龙,许云波,吴迪,王国栋

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第1期   页码 54-58

摘要:

对比研究了现场不同工艺所得碳锰系车轮用钢及低碳低硅含磷铬系相变诱发塑性(TRIP)钢的力学性能、微观组织、疲劳性能和疲劳断口。结果显示,较传统碳锰系车轮用钢,新型TRIP 钢具有相当的屈服强度,抗拉强度明显提高了100~150 MPa,疲劳极限提高了50~140 MPa。疲劳极限随抗拉强度的提高有增大趋势。铁素体、贝氏体、残余奥氏体组织较铁素体、贝氏体、珠光体组织和铁素体、珠光体、马奥岛组织具有更好的疲劳性能。

关键词: 热轧     低碳TRIP钢     轧制工艺     疲劳性能     疲劳断口    

Ribbed strip rolling by three-dimensional finite element method combining extremely thin array of elements

Zhengyi JIANG,

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第5卷 第1期   页码 52-60 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0087-9

摘要: In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element modelling of the ribbed strip rolling is carried out, coupling the use of an extremely thin array of elements that is equivalent to the calculation of the additional shear deformation work rate occurred by the velocity discontinuity in the roll bite. The formulation of the finite element modelling by adding a rib inclined contact surface boundary condition is derived, and the performance of the proposed method is conducted. The simulated rib height, forward slip, and the pulling down of rib height have been compared with the measured values and are in good agreement. The equivalent strain rate of the rib was obtained in the simulation. The effect of the rib inclined angle on pulling down of rib height has also been discussed, which is helpful in optimizing the design of the rib inclined angle.

关键词: rib inclined contact boundary condition     ribbed strip     extremely thin elements     pulling down of rib height     finite element modelling    

An improved algorithm for McDowell’s analytical model of residual stress

null

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第9卷 第2期   页码 150-155 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0295-9

摘要:

The analytical model for two-dimensional elastoplastic rolling/sliding contact proposed by McDowell is an important tool for predicting residual stress in rolling/sliding processes. In application of the model, a problem of low predicting precision near the surface layer of the component is found. According to the volume-constancy of plastic deformation, an improved algorithm for McDowell’s model is proposed in order to improve its predicting accuracy of the surface residual stress. In the algorithm, a relationship between three normal stresses perpendicular to each other at any point within the component is derived, and the relationship is applied to McDowell’s model. Meanwhile, an unnecessary hypothesis proposed by McDowell can be eliminated to make the model more reasonable. The simulation results show that the surface residual stress predicted by modified method is much closer to the FEM results than the results predicted by McDowell’s model under the same simulation conditions.

关键词: residual stress     McDowell’s model     volume-constancy of plastic deformation     FEM     elastoplastic rolling/sliding contact    

Application of Cu nanoparticles as N32 base oil additives

Qiang HE, Jun YE, Hongzhao LIU, Jinling LI,

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第5卷 第1期   页码 93-97 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0083-0

摘要: Cu nanoparticles as N32 base oil additives are studied in the paper and their structure is characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The widely used steel-steel friction system is chosen to test the feasibility and practicality of Cu nanoparticles as bearing lubricant additives. The results show that N32 base oil with 0.5% Cu nanoparticle can improve the test sample contact fatigue life than pure N32 base oil.

关键词: Cu nanoparticle     tribological property     contact fatigue     weibull distribution    

A rolling 6U parallel mechanism

Zhihuai MIAO, Yanan YAO

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第6卷 第1期   页码 96-98 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0214-2

Novel probabilistic rolling regular tetrahedron mechanism

Yonghan GUAN, Yan’an YAO, Chao LIU, Ruiming LI

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第16卷 第2期   页码 363-378 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0628-9

摘要: With recent relevant publications on stochastic motion robots in , , and other journals, research on such robots has gained increasing attention. However, theoretical and applied research on stochastic motion in the field of robotics and mechanisms face many challenges due to the uncertainty of stochastic motion. Currently, a large gap remains in the research of stochastic motion mechanism. In this study, a novel mechanism that can conduct probabilistic rolling is proposed to reach a designated position and achieve overlying movement over a particular area. The mechanism consists of a regular tetrahedron frame, a central node, and four connecting linear actuators. According to mobility and kinematic analyses, the mechanism can implement probabilistic rolling. Each rolling gait has three probable rolling directions, and the mechanism rolls in one of the three directions in probability. A kinematic simulation is conducted, and a control method is proposed on the basis of the moving path analysis. Furthermore, the mathematical principle of probabilistic rolling is revealed in terms of probability theory and statistics. Lastly, a prototype is fabricated. To achieve the rolling function, the design of the linear actuators is improved, and the extension ratio is increased from 0.58 to 1.13. Then, tests are conducted. In a 4 m test site, the mechanism makes 11 moves to reach the target position and covers 29.25% of the site.

关键词: mobile mechanism     probabilistic motion     rolling mechanism     stochastic motion    

Thin-liquid-film evaporation at contact line

Hao WANG, Zhenai PAN, Zhao CHEN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 141-151 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0020-2

摘要: When a liquid wets a solid wall, the extended meniscus near the contact line may be divided into three regions: a nonevaporating region, where the liquid is adsorbed on the wall; a transition region or thin-film region, where effects of long-range molecular forces (disjoining pressure) are felt; and an intrinsic meniscus region, where capillary forces dominate. The thin liquid film, with thickness from nanometers up to micrometers, covering the transition region and part of intrinsic meniscus, is gaining interest due to its high heat transfer rates. In this paper, a review was made of the researches on thin-liquid-film evaporation. The major characteristics of thin film, thin-film modeling based on continuum theory, simulations based on molecular dynamics, and thin-film profile and temperature measurements were summarized.

关键词: meniscus     thin film     contact line     disjoining pressure     evaporation    

A rolling 3-UPU parallel mechanism

Zhihuai MIAO, Yan’an YAO, Xianwen KONG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第8卷 第4期   页码 340-349 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0282-6

摘要:

A novel rolling mechanism is proposed based on a 3-UPU parallel mechanism in this paper. The rolling mechanism is composed of two platforms connected by three UPU (universal-prismatic-universal) serial-chain type limbs. The degree-of-freedom of the mechanism is analyzed using screw theory. Gait analysis and stability analysis are presented in detail. Four rolling modes of the mechanism are discussed and simulated. The feasibility of the rolling mechanism is verified by means of a physical prototype. Finally, its terrain adaptability is enhanced through planning the rolling gaits.

关键词: parallel mechanism     rolling mechanism     screw theory    

Modelling of dynamic contact length in rail grinding process

null

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第9卷 第3期   页码 242-248 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0305-y

摘要:

Rails endure frequent dynamic loads from the passing trains for supporting trains and guiding wheels. The accumulated stress concentrations will cause the plastic deformation of rail towards generating corrugations, contact fatigue cracks and also other defects, resulting in more dangerous status even the derailment risks. So the rail grinding technology has been invented with rotating grinding stones pressed on the rail with defects removal. Such rail grinding works are directed by experiences rather than scientifically guidance, lacking of flexible and scientific operating methods. With grinding control unit holding the grinding stones, the rail grinding process has the characteristics not only the surface grinding but also the running railway vehicles. First of all, it’s important to analyze the contact length between the grinding stone and the rail, because the contact length is a critical parameter to measure the grinding capabilities of stones. Moreover, it’s needed to build up models of railway vehicle unit bonded with the grinding stone to represent the rail grinding car. Therefore the theoretical model for contact length is developed based on the geometrical analysis. And the calculating models are improved considering the grinding car’s dynamic behaviors during the grinding process. Eventually, results are obtained based on the models by taking both the operation parameters and the structure parameters into the calculation, which are suitable for revealing the process of rail grinding by combining the grinding mechanism and the railway vehicle systems.

关键词: rail grinding     contact length     dynamic model     Hamiltonian system     grinding stone     rail grinding car    

Research and industrialization of near-net rolling technology used in shaft parts

Zhenghuan HU, Baoyu WANG, Zhenhua ZHENG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第1期   页码 17-24 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0480-3

摘要:

Shaft part rolling is an efficient and green near-net shaping technology offering many advantages, including high production efficiency, high material utilization rate, high product quality, and excellent production environment. In this paper, the features of shaft part rolling are introduced along with the working principles of two main shaft part rolling technologies, namely, cross wedge rolling (CWR) and skew rolling (SR). In relation to this technology, some R&D achievements gained by the University of Science and Technology Beijing are summarized. Finally, the latest developments in shaft part rolling are presented, including SR steel balls, precise forming of camshaft blank by CWR, SR phosphorous copper balls at room temperature, and CWR hollow axle sleeve. Although the shaft part rolling technology has been widely used in China, it only accounts for about 15% of applicable parts at present. Nevertheless, this technology has broad application prospects.

关键词: cross wedge rolling     skew rolling     near-net rolling     shaft part    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Contact fatigue life prediction of a bevel gear under spectrum loading

Pan JIA, Huaiju LIU, Caichao ZHU, Wei WU, Guocheng LU

期刊论文

Review of the damage mechanism in wind turbine gearbox bearings under rolling contact fatigue

Yun-Shuai SU, Shu-Rong YU, Shu-Xin LI, Yan-Ni HE

期刊论文

非连续接触下滚圈的接触压力及疲劳寿命预测

时彧,肖友刚,雷先明

期刊论文

Durability of plasma-sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings under rolling contact conditions

Xiancheng ZHANG, Fuzhen XUAN, Shantung TU, Binshi XU, Yixiong WU

期刊论文

Accumulated damage process of thermal sprayed coating under rolling contact by acoustic emission technique

Jia XU,Zhen-yu ZHOU,Zhong-yu PIAO

期刊论文

新型热轧低碳TRIP 钢的轧制工艺与疲劳性能

刘自权,谭小东,杨小龙,许云波,吴迪,王国栋

期刊论文

Ribbed strip rolling by three-dimensional finite element method combining extremely thin array of elements

Zhengyi JIANG,

期刊论文

An improved algorithm for McDowell’s analytical model of residual stress

null

期刊论文

Application of Cu nanoparticles as N32 base oil additives

Qiang HE, Jun YE, Hongzhao LIU, Jinling LI,

期刊论文

A rolling 6U parallel mechanism

Zhihuai MIAO, Yanan YAO

期刊论文

Novel probabilistic rolling regular tetrahedron mechanism

Yonghan GUAN, Yan’an YAO, Chao LIU, Ruiming LI

期刊论文

Thin-liquid-film evaporation at contact line

Hao WANG, Zhenai PAN, Zhao CHEN

期刊论文

A rolling 3-UPU parallel mechanism

Zhihuai MIAO, Yan’an YAO, Xianwen KONG

期刊论文

Modelling of dynamic contact length in rail grinding process

null

期刊论文

Research and industrialization of near-net rolling technology used in shaft parts

Zhenghuan HU, Baoyu WANG, Zhenhua ZHENG

期刊论文